Since action research is done by the practitioner, it has be quick research without hampering the on-going work, for testing the designed intervention, the before-and-after research design is most suitable.
A before-and-after or pre-post test study measures outcomes or results in a given group of participants, quota sample, or small available sample before introducing an input, a product or an intervention, and then again afterwards to compare the change, impact or effect.
If two matched groups are available, one group receives the intervention and the other doesn’t, and this type of study is called a controlled before-and-after study. A control group can give you more confidence in your results by telling you what the typical change over time has happened.
An action research must be action planned for the study with a clear and precise or specific statement of outcome to be assessed in terms of the change brought about through the intervention..
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